American Cichlid Care Sheet
Various (Geophagus, Convict, etc.)
A diverse group from Central and South America including convicts, jack dempseys, and oscars. American cichlids range from small community-safe species to large predators.
72–82°F
6–7.5
40 gallons
5–15 years (oscars can live 15+)
3–18 inches (7–45 cm) depending on species
Varies — some are best kept as pairs, others in groups
Easy for most species. Substrate spawners — both parents guard eggs and fry aggressively. Convicts are especially prolific.
Diet & Feeding
Mostly omnivore/carnivore — pellets, frozen foods, live foods, earthworms, shrimp. Larger species eat feeder fish (though pellets are healthier).
Natural Habitat
Native to rivers, lakes, and streams throughout Central and South America. Water conditions vary by species.
Care Tips
Research your specific species — the group is incredibly diverse
Many grow large (oscars, jack dempseys) and need 55+ gallon tanks
Breeding pairs become extremely aggressive — may need their own tank
Intelligent fish that recognize their owners and develop personality
Strong diggers — use sand substrate and secure decorations